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How You Can Enact Change Theory in Higher Education

Enterprise

How You Can Enact Change Theory in Higher Education
Change theory, a field in education that has evolved significantly over the past century, offers invaluable insights into the intricate process of implementing change at an individual and organizational level. Effectively applying these theories is a critical task for university executives—especially considering the digital advancements, innovative instructional practices, and changing market landscape these institutions face. Change theory is applied to improve all areas concerning teaching, such as: Developing personalized lesson plans that better address individual barriers and resistance to change Building change capacity so departments can efficiently adopt new teaching modalities Overhauling curricula so learning better prepares students for real-world application Adopting hybrid learning models to make up for the declining in-person enrollment However, despite the academic focus and strategic imperatives, leaders still need to work on applying change theory in alignment with their organizational goals. Worse, only 13% of higher education institutions invest in critical change initiatives like digital transformation. Today, we’ll look at change theory, how it’s applied across higher education, and how Prosci applies decades of change management expertise to enact change at these institutions. What Is Change Theory in Education? Change theory is a framework that leaders across higher education use to drive efficient change on an organizational level. It attempts to explain the factors that help and hinder people from adopting new processes and systems while outlining why change can sometimes fail. In higher education, change theory is particularly helpful as institutions work through pressing challenges: Meeting the learning needs of students in a digital era Updating critical components of digital infrastructure Match the shifting paradigms of academia and students Addressing resistance to change in the name of upholding tradition or protecting reputations Change theories applied in educational institutions emerged from work in several fields—such as psychology, sociology, organizational behavior and management science—and have evolved to focus on specific organizational issues. Researchers and funding agencies have recognized the need to understand how change occurs in unique environments like universities, colleges and teaching hospitals. A systematic review of evidence-based teaching practice can provide a solid foundation for understanding the change process. Now, let’s examine why having a change theory in education is so important. Addressing common objections and challenges Higher education is quickly changing. Universities and colleges deal with operational issues impacting the financial bottom line and student long-term outcomes. As fewer students enroll in or complete degree programs, the old ways are increasingly being questioned. Curriculum overhaul and remote learning options are viable solutions. However, these institutions still struggle to implement these changes due to resistance and other impediments to growth, like: Reluctance to alter established practices Fear of the unknown Concerns about the effectiveness of new initiatives Long implementation cycles Investment to train staff and faculty Measurement of change ROI EdTech company D2L states that 70% of higher education change initiatives fail to meet goals because of employee resistance and inadequate management support. Change theory is a proactive solution to resistance because it predicts all participant reactions to a new approach, including negative ones. To ensure the effective application of change theory, faculty heads, and organizational leaders must: Communicate "why and how" – Convey the purpose behind the change and the steps towards implementation. Equip teams – Provide training and resources to make staff receptive to change and help them navigate the process confidently. Foster collaboration – Create a participative environment where feedback is valued, encouraged and acted upon. Role-model the changes – Ensure that leaders provide a key example of institutional support for the change by adopting and applying new processes. This strategy helps everyone understand and prepare for change and encourages everyone to work together toward a common goal. Change Theory in Action—Examples in Education Now that you better understand change theory, let’s look at some prominent examples of change theory in action. Here are a few major university initiatives that applied change theory to improve student learning outcomes and other organizational challenges. The FIRST Project One notable example is the Faculty Institutes for Reforming Science Teaching (FIRST) Project. The FIRST Project aimed to improve undergraduate science education by engaging faculty members in a series of workshops designed to enhance their teaching methods and better address the needs of students. The project was grounded in the assumption that change must begin with the faculty at the forefront of education for change to be effective. By focusing on developing faculty teaching practices, the FIRST Project facilitated a shift towards more student-centered learning approaches, which improve student engagement and learning outcomes. This initiative is a prime example of change theory in action, where the change process starts by empowering key change agents—in this case, the faculty—and leads to a broader impact on the educational system. Departmental Action Teams Departmental Action Teams (DATs) are cross-functional teams composed of faculty, students and staff that work collaboratively to address specific issues within a department. DATs aim to create sustainable changes by building the change management capacity of key change agents within the organization. For instance, the University of Colorado at Boulder uses DATs to help improve student educational outcomes across various departments. By involving faculty and department heads, these DATs develop and implement changes that are more likely to be accepted and supported within the context of humanities, engineering or science departments, leading to lasting improvements in educational practices across the board. DATs are a great example of change theory applied in higher education. It’s a generalized approach that empowers specific departments within the larger institution in a contextual manner. Partnership for Undergraduate Life Sciences Education (PULSE) The Partnership for Undergraduate Life Science Education (PULSE) initiative is a collaborative effort between higher education institutions responding to calls for significant improvements in undergraduate life science education. The PULSE initiative represents a concerted effort to transform life science education at colleges and universities across the United States. PULSE refers to its overall initiative as a “theory of change,” a strategic model applied at the program level in higher education settings. Theory of change differs in that it outlines the how and why behind a change while change theory focuses on its implementation. In the case of PULSE, the theory of change consists of the following components, which are implemented using change theory: Core capacities developed in each department Transformation strategies that new capacities would help implement Departmental changes that each transformation strategy would facilitate The collaboration of institutions under PULSE is focused on aligning life science education with the rapidly evolving field itself, ensuring that the curriculum is relevant and comprehensive. It prepares students for future challenges in research and various scientific fields. PULSE Theory of Change Moreover, PULSE's focus on implementing the recommendations of a national report highlights its strategic approach to change. This approach ensures that the changes made are: Evidence-based Targeted to specific outcomes Aligned with broader goals in life science education The initiative's success in driving change across numerous institutions demonstrates the power of collaborative efforts and strategic planning in enacting meaningful and sustainable improvements in education. A Template for Change in Higher Ed—The Prosci ADKAR Model The Prosci ADKAR® Model is an example of a change theory in action. It provides a structured framework for implementing change, focusing on the people involved, how they experience the change process, and the preconditions necessary for successful long-term change. Prosci ADKAR Model focuses on five key stages: Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement. Prosci ADKAR Model ADKAR offers a flexible, adaptable approach change leaders can use to support people through unique changes within their unique institutions. For example, a college might apply the Prosci ADKAR Model to navigate resistance to change surrounding the rollout of a new eLearning program. This would include: Raising awareness among faculty about the need for eLearning to enable students and themselves to succeed in a digital future Fostering a desire for change by engaging with resistance and establishing a dialogue around solutions Providing the necessary training and resources to help faculty understand how to use the new program Enabling faculty and staff to demonstrate their ability to use the eLearning program in their courses Ensuring that there are mechanisms within the department to reinforce and sustain the new practices Considering D2L’s assertion that nearly three-quarters of universities and colleges struggle with resistance during major transitions, the Prosci ADKAR Model is an excellent application of change theory for higher education, especially as part of an organizational approach to managing change like the Prosci Methodology. Now, let’s look at how Prosci has helped some of the largest institutions in the country drive change. How Prosci Enacts Change in Higher Education As a recognized leader in change management solutions, Prosci has a track record of facilitating impactful change in higher education. Its research-based methodology, models and tools are built on decades of experience mastering the people side of change. The Prosci Methodology and training programs help organizations successfully adopt change and reap the intended benefits. The case studies below showcase the application of Prosci change theory across education: University of Virginia (UVA) As an institution with over 200 years of tradition and process, the University of Virginia (UVA) struggled with change fatigue and projects needing to meet outcomes. As a result, UVA embarked on an Organizational Excellence program and partnered with Prosci to enhance its capacity for change. Prosci training programs were utilized to train over 50 UVA staff members, equipping them with the skills to manage change effectively. Key outcomes from the partnership with Prosci included: A centralized project portfolio framework to ensure alignment across initiatives A significant increase in project ROI due to enhanced change capabilities The establishment of a common language for change, fostering better communication and collaboration Organizational Excellence Program Five years after the change training program was initiated, UVA had implemented hundreds of improvements while realizing annual savings of over $20 million. University of California, San Diego (UCSD) UCSD, aiming to embed change management practices throughout the organization, initiated a strategic plan to bring about campus-wide changes. The Prosci Methodology was chosen for its adaptability and effectiveness in large organizations. UCSD’s collaboration with Prosci led to: Large-group training sessions for awareness and role-specific change management The creation of various learning opportunities tailored to the needs of the institution Over 90% of the 500+ staff attendees found the tools and knowledge applicable to their roles A shared language for change among executives, managers and teams, leading to more people-centric planning and execution The change initiatives facilitated by Prosci at UCSD were so successful that the University of California administration explored applying the process across the entire network. Prosci Change Theory in Action for Higher Education Use Prosci-proven strategies to drive change efficiently in a university, college or other academic environment. Our empirically tested 3-Phase Process and the Prosci ADKAR Model help executives and change managers turn theory into action, with attention to the specifics of your educational context. Whether you need to improve student outcomes or implement a new ERP, Prosci helps meet your institutional goals. To see change theory in education come to life, visit our change management in higher education page, where you will learn how the Prosci Methodology and change theory help leading institutions nationwide.
Create a Hybrid Workplace Strategy for Success

Enterprise

Create a Hybrid Workplace Strategy for Success
Hybrid work isn’t going anywhere. In fact, Q4 of 2022 saw 53% of workers using a hybrid model, up from 18% in Q2 of 2020. Why? People want a better work-life balance—and splitting their time between working at home and the office can help them achieve this. They have more flexibility with their time, a better variety of places to live, and lower commuting costs. This article will guide you through some best practices for planning a successful hybrid workplace strategy, helping you learn how to provide better work-life harmony with a hybrid workforce. Find out what employees want from a hybrid workplace, how to ensure smooth communication, and what to look for when planning your digital infrastructure. How to Create an Effective Hybrid Workplace Strategy Creating a hybrid workplace strategy allows you to plan, manage and execute a successful hybrid workforce. It’s an evolving component of modern businesses, not just a temporary measure post-pandemic. It helps you identify the work that needs to be in the office, which informs who needs to be in the office at certain times and in what capacity. Plus, if you’re changing from in-person or fully remote to a hybrid work model, a clear strategy helps you manage the change. You can show team members why you’re moving to hybrid, its benefits, and how it will impact their day-to-day work life. Here are common elements to consider when creating a hybrid workplace strategy. 1. Ask yourself what you want to accomplish What will you accomplish by launching a hybrid workforce? Understanding the reason behind your switch will inform the rest of your strategy. Here are some questions to consider: What’s the reason behind going hybrid? Specify exactly why you’re deciding to go hybrid. Is it to improve employee work-life balance? To allow the benefits of remote work while still enabling face-to-face communication? Whatever it is, have a clear understanding of your reasoning. This will guide the rest of your decisions. Why now? Clarify why it’s important to go hybrid at this particular point in time. You might be responding to changes in the landscape, aligning with industry trends, or looking for a way to improve employee satisfaction. What’s the risk of not going hybrid? Consider what will happen to the business if you don’t go hybrid. It might impact productivity, interfere with employee morale, or limit access to a broader pool of potential employees. Answering these questions also helps to: Minimize resistance Increase employee buy-In Make the change easier to manage By explaining the “why” behind the change and outlining the positive impact, you’re more likely to gain their support. 2. The space requirements for your hybrid vision Thinking about shifting to a hybrid workplace? Great! Let’s talk strategy Here are a few important questions to start with: What's your goal? Why are you moving toward a hybrid setup? Is it to give your team a better work-life balance, to keep up with the latest trends, or something else? Why now? What's pushing this change today? It's crucial to understand the why at this moment so you can own your decision and communicate it effectively. What are the risks? Consider the risk—your team could lose its spark, feeling restricted and less engaged. Plus, you miss out on staying competitive and innovative in a business landscape that relies on you staying ahead. With a strategy in place, let's figure out how your office space can reflect this. Match your space to your strategy Here's what to consider: A space that makes sense. What kind of space does a hybrid strategy need? Think about size and location but consider flexible and more collaborative workspaces with unique layouts that provide variety. Plan smart. Get your office layout decided upfront. This way, the space fits your vision of a hybrid model, and you won’t get swayed in your decision by your team. Plan your space with your hybrid goals in mind for a workspace that works well and feels right for your team. Bringing everyone on board Anticipate resistance from employees and think about how to help them overcome their barriers. Change is tough, but transparency goes a long way. Sharing that you’re redesigning your workspace to align with hybrid goals helps everyone understand and embrace the vision. You also need to consider how these changes affect individuals' workspaces. Keep an open dialogue about personal preferences and emotional responses. Highlight the benefits Don’t underestimate how people feel about their personal workspace. People can have strong emotional reactions to not having their own place, not being able to hang up their pictures, and not having their own trash can. These reactions lead to resistance. To navigate this, remember: Communicate the “why.” Clearly explain the benefits of the new workspace changes. For instance, a flexible layout aligns with the key expectations of hybrid work, like better collaboration. Get feedback. Run surveys or listening sessions. This is a chance for everyone to voice what they need and feel valued in the process. Emphasize flexibility and teamwork. Stress how the changes will make working together easier and offer more personal choice in how and where work gets done. Consider these points and turn resistance into enthusiasm for our dynamic, flexible hybrid workspace. This clarity of approach helps everyone grasp your vision and energizes the workspace—because it’s a hub of flexibility and innovation. For more, explore these 5 tips for managing resistance to change. 3. Determine hybrid communication methods Enabling effective communication is a common reservation for businesses moving to hybrid or remote work. It can be tricky to get used to, and challenges may crop up. Things like: Communication siloing Misinterpretation Delays in response times With clear communication methods in place, you can overcome silos and ensure all hybrid team members are engaged and connected. Here are some ways to find the best communication methods: Talk to your team. Employees can struggle with different aspects of hybrid communication. A lack of feedback or communication is the biggest daily hurdle for introverts (32%), while extroverts struggle with too many communication channels (21%). Ask hybrid employees what they prefer to ensure you have clear and effective communication for your team. Would they like a combination of email, Microsoft Teams calls, and Slack messages? You will only find out by asking them directly. Test some options. Try a few different options to see what works best for your business. Most platforms offer a free trial or a demo to see how the basic features work—most free trials won’t offer all features—and whether it fits your hybrid team. After deciding what channels work best for you and your team, you can set boundaries around communication. For example, you might develop on-screen protocols to prevent “Zoom fatigue.” Or ensure that teams only communicate during work hours by clearly stating everyone’s work hours and encouraging people to switch off at the end of the day. 4. Prioritize hybrid employee engagement Sixty-one percent of hybrid employees say that “connection to my organization’s mission or purpose impacts my intent to stay.” So, to build a dedicated team of hybrid employees, you need to prioritize engagement. The good news is that there are multiple ways to increase engagement for hybrid employees: Host team-building events. Forty-five percent of U.S. hybrid workers want to see their company invest in more team-building events to foster a strong culture and feel connected to their teammates and the entire business. These events could include an away day (in-person or virtual) or attending an event as a team. Recognize achievements. Celebrate milestones and achievements for hybrid employees to make them feel valued. It could be something small, like a direct email to someone to thank them for a good job, or something more significant and tangible, like giving employees a gift card or an extra vacation day. This helps you engage with virtual employees and show them you recognize their hard work from a distance. Provide training and professional development. Giving hybrid employees the chance to broaden their skills and grow with the business keeps them motivated. However, providing training for hybrid teams is different from in-person training. For example, you need to know how to facilitate virtual and in-person training with multiple screens and different kinds of software. How will you plan for that? What skills and support do they need? What needs to happen to make sure they’ll be successful? Think about the best ways to offer these sessions to your hybrid employees to ensure your efforts succeed. For example, you could host a day of in-house training with remote tasks to complete at home. And remember, you can always talk to them directly for their input. You should also be mindful that when hybrid workers come into the office, they want to do work better suited to being in person with others. For example, in-person collaboration, brainstorming on a whiteboard, and not being on virtual calls that they could do at home. 5. Manage expectations Expectations provide clarity for a hybrid workforce. It tells them how the workplace functions, how to work together, and the boundaries. It gets everyone on the same page, making it easier for teams to work effectively as a hybrid team. It also builds trust between hybrid employees and management. Maintaining high levels of trust is a critical element for organizations to manage as they become hybrid and remote, so this is a key element of success to consider as you create your hybrid work strategy. Your expectations help people buy into the chosen hybrid approach and give you a foundation to tackle resistance in the future. Desire on day one isn’t the same as desire on day 14 after the excitement wears off and people start to think, “Wow. I really liked being at home on Zoom in my slippers, and I hate sitting in traffic.” As change leaders, we must remember that the ADKAR® Model is dynamic, and we’ll need to revisit Desire to overcome resistance. Plus, our own research found that Desire is the biggest barrier to successfully implementing a hybrid workforce. Here are some tips for managing hybrid expectations: Be as clear as possible. You need clear expectations about work hours, availability, communication boundaries, flexible work policies, data security protocols, and so on. After defining your expectations around these topics, you can communicate them directly to your hybrid team to ensure everyone understands what’s expected of them. Explain your boundaries. To minimize resistance, explain the reasons for your boundaries and the benefits of following them. For example, if you’re restricting communication times during the workday, you can explain that this will help to increase productivity and improve the quality of communication between team members. This puts you in a good position to address challenges. When setting boundaries and expectations, consider employees with diverse abilities. You may need to revisit your expectations and make allowances for different circumstances. For example, people with forms of ADHD may thrive in fully remote environments, meaning that they might prefer more time at home than in the office. People with physical challenges may struggle to commute and prefer additional flexibility around work hours and availability. You can uncover how to address these abilities with initial strategy surveys or focus groups. 6. Create a hybrid culture One of the top challenges hybrid employees face is feeling less connected to a company’s culture. The solution to this problem is creating a hybrid-first work culture. A hybrid culture ensures that employees understand why hybrid work is important. It gets people on board to incorporate the hybrid work style while minimizing resistance, boosting motivation, and making it easier for team members to understand processes. Here are some tips for creating a successful hybrid work culture: Incorporate hybrid working into your company’s values. Ensure hybrid and remote work is at the heart of your company’s values. Think about your culture, who you are as an organization, and how hybrid work fits into the picture. Let’s say that your company culture promotes open communication and collaboration. You can show hybrid work supports this environment with asynchronous communication tools and in-person collaboration rooms. Make it easy for team members to work remotely. Give hybrid employees the skills, tools and resources they need to work from home as effectively as possible. Communication plays a big part in ensuring that employees can perform their jobs to the best of their ability. By doing this, you’re showing employees that hybrid is a way of life for your business. Ensure everyone understands your hybrid work practices. Provide resources and communication on how your hybrid workplace functions. That way, everyone is on the same page. 7. Plan your digital infrastructure To successfully launch a hybrid workplace, you may need to upgrade your digital infrastructure to meet the demands of the modern workplace. A 2022 Global Hybrid Work Study revealed that networking infrastructure is essential for a seamless working-from-home experience. However, only 67.9% said their company had the right working infrastructure. Good technology and solid IT support can improve your hybrid work success. It can bridge the in-person/on-screen divide to ensure that the remote employees are as engaged as in-person attendees, connected to the business, and working as part of the wider team. Look at how one Prosci global partner leverages the Prosci Methodology to equip clients for digital transformation in Africa. At Prosci, we began delivering the Change Management Certification Program virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions. This digital transformation enables clients to meet their changing business and market requirements, which improves the overall customer experience. What can you do to ensure your digital infrastructure is up to speed for a hybrid team? Here are some suggestions: Review your current technology. Are there any tools in your current tech setup that won’t serve your hybrid workforce? Do you need to upgrade any existing software to better suit employees balancing working from home with coming into the office? Reviewing all your existing technology gives you a good starting point to identify what to remove and what you need. Identify your digital needs. Now that you have reviewed the technology you currently have in place, you can start to consider which technology you need for virtual, in-person or hybrid workplaces. For example, having flexible technology has been a critical enabler for some organizations and a debilitating barrier for others. So, think about what you need to complete work remotely, which systems you have to improve, and what your employees need to remain productive. Talk to hybrid team members for feedback and input. As mentioned throughout this article, communication is key, so talk to your hybrid employees about the type of software required. They may have some considerations you hadn’t thought of, and it’s best to get a wide range of viewpoints to ensure you cover all your bases. In our hybrid workplace, let's focus our office days on teamwork and brainstorming—the stuff that's better together. It's about making our time in the office count. Manage Change in Your Hybrid Workforce With Prosci A hybrid workplace strategy is the foundation for successfully launching a hybrid workforce. When done well, it can help you achieve greater productivity, access global talent, reduce waste, and offer work-life balance to your valued employees. If you’re thinking about how to manage the change to hybrid working, we can help. At Prosci, we support businesses and individuals to manage the people side of change. We help your employees embrace and adopt change, ensuring everyone is equipped for the future. Find out more about our change management solutions.

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